1B+Section+1+Team+B



Study Guide Section 1 Team B

 * By: Cat, Alex , Stephanie, Dylan**

__VOCABULARY __ **__Industrial Revolution- __**18th century Britain, time when factory machines had replaced hand tools. Also, time when manufacturing replaced farming as the main form of work. **__Factory system- __**a routine of production that had made many workers and machines together in one building. **__Lowell __****__ Mills- __**  textile mill which was located in the actual factory town of Lowell, MA. Lowell Mills was founded in 1826. IMPORTANT PEOPLE **__Samuel Slater __**- sailed to the United States under a false name. It was illegal for textile workers like him to leave the country. He carried secrets from Britain about its new machines for making thread and cloth. He built the first water-powered textile mill in America. **__<span style="color: rgb(168, 0, 0);">Samuel F.B. Morse __**<span style="color: rgb(168, 0, 0);">-  Invented the telegraph in 1837. In 1844 the first long-distance telegraph carried news from Baltimore to Washington, D.C., about who had been nominated for president. **__<span style="color: rgb(168, 0, 0);">Robert Fulton __**<span style="color: rgb(168, 0, 0);">- <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 128);"> invented a steamboat that could move against the current or a strong wind. He launched the Clermont on the Hudson River in 1807.
 * __<span style="font-size: 130%; color: rgb(168, 0, 0);">I __** **__<span style="font-size: 130%; color: rgb(168, 0, 0);">nterchangeable parts- __**<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 128);"> parts that are exactly like other parts.

__<span style="display: block; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-align: center;">INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION __
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(0, 0, 128); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Factories and machines replaced hand tools.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(168, 0, 0); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Large scale manufacturing replaced farming as the main form of work.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(0, 0, 128); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Before industrial revolution women spun thread and wove cloth using spinning wheels and hand looms.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(168, 0, 0); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">The spinning Jenny and power looms made it possible for unskilled workers to produce cloth.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(0, 0, 128); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">The invention of factory machines let children who were often workers, produce more cloth quickly.

<span style="display: block; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-align: center;">__LOWELL__ __MILLS CHANGING THE INDUSTRY__


 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(0, 0, 128); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Changed the Textile Industry in Waltham, Massachusetts because raw cotton was spun into yarn.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(168, 0, 0); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">More women and children came to work because of high pay. It was about $2 to $4
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(0, 0, 128); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Manufactured cotton
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(168, 0, 0); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Moving water turns a wheel, which powers the machines through a system of gears and belts.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(0, 0, 128); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Carding and drawing machines straighten raw cotton fibers and twist them loosely.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(168, 0, 0); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Spinning machines spin the fibers into yarn, or thread.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(0, 0, 128); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Power looms Weave yarn into cloth.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(168, 0, 0); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Hired farm girls who lived in company-owned boarding houses.

__<span style="display: block; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-align: center;">INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS __
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(168, 0, 0); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Machines that produced exactly matching parts soon became standard in industries.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(0, 0, 128); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">It speeded up production, made repairs easy, and allowed the use of lower-paid, less skilled workers.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(168, 0, 0); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Eli Whitney demonstrated with the musket.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(0, 0, 128); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Required a new style of management, with inspectors to make sure each piece was uniform.

__ <span style="display: block; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-align: center;">INVENTIONS  __

<span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(168, 0, 0); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">**<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> LIGHTWEIGHT PLOW ** <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> Older cast iron was designed for light, sandy soil of New England. <span style="color: rgb(71, 245, 141);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 18, 128); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">John Deere’s new plow had made preparing less work for the people. Invented by John Deere in 1836. STEAMBOAT **
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; text-align: center;">
 * [[image:Steamboat.jpg width="251" height="143" align="left" caption="Robert Fulton invented the steamboat in 1807."]] <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(0, 0, 128); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Improved transportation
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(168, 0, 0); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Later on Henry Miller Shere designed a more powerful engine and installed it on a steamboat.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(0, 0, 128); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Shere's steamboat could travel up river, againist high current and high winds.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: rgb(168, 0, 0); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Invented by Robert Fulton in 1807.

__<span style="display: block; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; background-color: rgb(64, 64, 64); text-align: center;">FACTORIES IN NEW ENGLAND __<span style="display: block; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;"> ·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> <span style="font-size: 130%; color: rgb(168, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Factories were built near a source of water to power machines with many fast moving rivers. ·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 128); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Transportation had ships and access to the ocean. ·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">  <span style="font-size: 130%; color: rgb(168, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Willing labor force


 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 128); text-align: center;">New England’s first factory; workers were farmers.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 110%; color: rgb(168, 0, 0); text-align: center;">Later made a larger mill and employed whole families.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 110%; color: rgb(0, 0, 128); text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Samuel Slater’s family system of employment spread through Rhode Island, Connecticut, and Southern Massachusetts.

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